Hystix 是 Netflix 开源的一个延迟和容错库,用于隔离访问远程服务、第三方库,防止出现级联失败(雪崩)。
雪崩:一个服务失败,导致整条链路的服务都失败的情形。
Hystix 降级:当服务发生异常或调用超时,返回默认数据
需要修改的程序
package com.itheima.provider;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.circuitbreaker.EnableCircuitBreaker;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;/*** 启动类*/@EnableEurekaClient //该注解 在新版本中可以省略
@SpringBootApplication@EnableCircuitBreaker ///开启Hystrix功能
public class ProviderApp {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(ProviderApp.class,args);}
}
测试的程序
package com.itheima.provider.controller;import com.itheima.provider.domain.Goods;
import com.itheima.provider.service.GoodsService;
import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixCommand;
import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixProperty;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import java.util.Date;/*** Goods Controller 服务提供方*/@RestController
@RequestMapping("/goods")
public class GoodsController {@Autowiredprivate GoodsService goodsService;@Value("${server.port}")private int port;/*** 降级:* 1 出现异常* 2 调用服务超时* 默认1s超时**@HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "findOne_fallback")* fallbackMethod 指定降级后的名称* @param id* @return*/@GetMapping("/findOne/{id}")@HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "findOne_fallback",commandProperties = {//设置Hystrix的超时时间 默认1s@HystrixProperty(name="execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds",value = "3000")})///指定降级后的方法public Goods findOne(@PathVariable("id") int id) {///1 造个异常//int i =3/0;try {Thread.sleep(2000);//sleep interrupted} catch (InterruptedException e) {e.printStackTrace();}Goods goods = goodsService.findOne(id);goods.setTitle(goods.getTitle() + ":" + port);//将端口号,设置到了 商品标题上return goods;}/*** 定义降级放啊* 1 方法的返回值需要和原方法一样* 2 方法参数需要和原方法一样*/public Goods findOne_fallback(int id) {Goods goods = new Goods();goods.setTitle("降级了~~~");return goods;}
}
指定坐标
org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix
server:port: 9000eureka:instance:hostname: localhost # 主机名client:service-url:defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka
spring:application:name: hystrix-consumer # 设置当前应用的名称。将来会在eureka中Application显示。将来需要使用该名称来获取路径
#开启feign对hystrix支持
feign:hystrix:enabled: true
ConsumerApp修改
package com.itheima.consumer;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;@EnableDiscoveryClient // 激活DiscoveryClient
@EnableEurekaClient
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients //开启Feign的功能
public class ConsumerApp {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApp.class,args);}
}
修改GoodsFeignClient方法
package com.itheima.consumer.feign;import com.itheima.consumer.domain.Goods;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;@FeignClient(value = "HYSTRIX-PROVIDER",fallback = GoodsFeignClientFallback.class)
public interface GoodsFeignClient {@GetMapping("/goods/findOne/{id}")public Goods findGoodsById(@PathVariable("id") int id);}
复写方法
package com.itheima.consumer.feign;import com.itheima.consumer.domain.Goods;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;/*** Fegin 客户端降级处理类* 1 定义类 实现Feign 客户端接口* 2 使用@Component注解将该类的Bean加入SpringIOC容器*/
@Component
public class GoodsFeignClientFallback implements GoodsFeignClient{@Overridepublic Goods findGoodsById(int id) {Goods goods = new Goods();goods.setTitle("又被降级了~~");return goods;}
}
Hystrix 熔断机制,用于监控微服务调用情况,当失败的情况达到预定的阈值(5秒失败20次),会打开断路器,拒绝所有请求,直到服务恢复正常为止。
circuitBreaker.sleepWindowInMilliseconds:监控时间
circuitBreaker.requestVolumeThreshold:失败次数
circuitBreaker.errorThresholdPercentage:失败率
//设置Hystrix的超时时间 默认1s
@HystrixProperty(name="execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds",value = "3000"),
//监控的时间 默认5000ms
@HystrixProperty(name="circuitBreaker.sleepWindowInMilliseconds",value = "1000"),
//失败次数,默认20次
@HystrixProperty(name="circuitBreaker.requestVolumeThreshold",value = "2"),
//失败率 百分之50
@HystrixProperty(name="circuitBreaker.errorThresholdPercentage",value = "100")
1. 创建监控模块
创建hystrix-monitor模块,使用Turbine聚合监控多个Hystrix dashboard功能,
2. 引入Turbine聚合监控起步依赖
hystrix-parent com.itheima 1.0-SNAPSHOT 4.0.0 hystrix-monitor UTF-8 UTF-8 1.8 org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-starter-netflix-turbine org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-actuator org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-test test org.springframework.boot spring-boot-maven-plugin
3. 修改application.yml
spring:application.name: hystrix-monitor
server:port: 8769
turbine:combine-host-port: true# 配置需要监控的服务名称列表app-config: hystrix-provider,hystrix-consumercluster-name-expression: "'default'"aggregator:cluster-config: default#instanceUrlSuffix: /actuator/hystrix.stream
eureka:client:serviceUrl:defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
4. 创建启动类
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient@EnableTurbine //开启Turbine 很聚合监控功能
@EnableHystrixDashboard //开启Hystrix仪表盘监控功能
public class HystrixMonitorApp {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(HystrixMonitorApp.class, args);}}
需要分别修改 hystrix-provider 和 hystrix-consumer 模块:
1、导入依赖:
org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-actuator org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard
2、配置Bean
此处为了方便,将其配置在启动类中。
@Beanpublic ServletRegistrationBean getServlet() {HystrixMetricsStreamServlet streamServlet = new HystrixMetricsStreamServlet();ServletRegistrationBean registrationBean = new ServletRegistrationBean(streamServlet);registrationBean.setLoadOnStartup(1);registrationBean.addUrlMappings("/actuator/hystrix.stream");registrationBean.setName("HystrixMetricsStreamServlet");return registrationBean;}
3、启动类上添加注解@EnableHystrixDashboard
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableEurekaClient
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients
@EnableHystrixDashboard // 开启Hystrix仪表盘监控功能
public class ConsumerApp {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApp.class,args);}@Beanpublic ServletRegistrationBean getServlet() {HystrixMetricsStreamServlet streamServlet = new HystrixMetricsStreamServlet();ServletRegistrationBean registrationBean = new ServletRegistrationBean(streamServlet);registrationBean.setLoadOnStartup(1);registrationBean.addUrlMappings("/actuator/hystrix.stream");registrationBean.setName("HystrixMetricsStreamServlet");return registrationBean;}
}
1、启动服务:
eureka-server
hystrix-provider
hystrix-consumer
hystrix-monitor
2、访问:
在浏览器访问http://localhost:8769/hystrix/ 进入Hystrix Dashboard界面
界面中输入监控的Url地址 http://localhost:8769/turbine.stream,监控时间间隔2000毫秒和title,如下图