目录

• 1. Qt网络模块
• 2. QHostInfo
• • 2.1 公共函数
  • 2.2 静态函数
• 3. QNetworkInterface
• • 3.1 公共函数
  • 3.2 静态函数
• 4. 代码示例
• • Dialog.h
  • Dialog.cpp
  • 界面展示

1. Qt网络模块

使用Qt网络模块，需要在配置文件.pro中添加：

Qt += network

2. QHostInfo

2.1 公共函数

QList addresses() 返回与hostName()主机关联的Ip地址列表

QString hostName() 返回已查询其IP地址的主机的名称

int lookupId() 返回本次查找的ID

QHostInfoError error() 若主机查找失败，返回失败类型

QString errorString() 若主机查找失败，返回错误描述字符串

2.2 静态函数

QString localHostName() 返回本机的主机名

QHostInfo fromName(QString& name) 通过主机名获取IP地址

QString localDomainName() 返回本机的DNS域名

int lookupHost(QString& name, QObject* receiver, char* member) 以异步方式根据主机名查找主机IP地址，返回本次查找的ID，用于abortHostLookup()

void abortHostLookup(int id) 用lookupHost()返回的ID ID中止主机查找

3. QNetworkInterface

3.1 公共函数

QList addressEntries() 返回该网络接口（包括子网掩码和广播地址）的IP地址列表

QString hardwareAddress() 返回该接口的低级硬件地址，以太网里就是MAC地址

QString name() 返回网络接口名称

QString humanReadableName() 返回可以读懂的接口名称，如果名称不确定，得到的就是name()函数的返回值

bool isValid() 若接口信息有效就返回true

3.2 静态函数

QList allAddresses() 返回主机上所有IP地址的列表

QList allInterfaces() 返回主机上所有接口的网络列表
一个网络接口可能包含多个IP地址，每个IP地址与掩码或广播地址关联。如果无需知道子网掩码和广播的Ip地址，可以使用allAdresses()获得主机的所有IP地址列表

4. 代码示例

Dialog.h

#ifndef DIALOG_H
#define DIALOG_H#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include namespace Ui {class Dialog;
}class Dialog : public QDialog {Q_OBJECTpublic:explicit Dialog(QWidget* parent = 0);~Dialog();private://根据QAbstractSocket::NetworkLayerProtocol的枚举类型，返回协议名称的字符串QString protocolType(QAbstractSocket::NetworkLayerProtocol protocol);private slots:void slotBtnGetHostInfoClicked();void slotBtnLookupHostInfoClicked();void slotLookupHostInfo(const QHostInfo& host);void slotBtnAllInterfaceClicked();void slotBtnAllAddressClicked();void slotClearTextClicked();private:Ui::Dialog* ui;QPushButton* m_pBtnGetHostInfo;QCheckBox* m_pCheckIPv4;QPushButton* m_pBtnLookupHostInfo;QLineEdit* m_pEditHost;QPushButton* m_pBtnAllInterface;QPushButton* m_pBtnAllAddress;QPlainTextEdit* m_pTextShowInfo;QPushButton* m_pClearText;
};#endif  // DIALOG_H

Dialog.cpp

#include "dialog.h"#include "ui_dialog.h"Dialog::Dialog(QWidget* parent) : QDialog(parent), ui(new Ui::Dialog) {ui->setupUi(this);this->setWindowTitle(QStringLiteral("网络主机信息"));//    m_pBtnGetHostInfo = new QPushButton(this);//    m_pBtnGetHostInfo->setText(QStringLiteral("获取本机主机名和IP地址"));m_pBtnGetHostInfo = new QPushButton(QStringLiteral("获取本机主机名和IP地址"), this);m_pCheckIPv4 = new QCheckBox(QStringLiteral("只显示IPv4协议地址"), this);m_pCheckIPv4->setCheckState(Qt::Checked);m_pCheckIPv4->setLayoutDirection(Qt::RightToLeft);  //更改复选框的位置在右边m_pBtnLookupHostInfo = new QPushButton(QStringLiteral("查找域名的IP地址"), this);m_pEditHost = new QLineEdit(QStringLiteral("www.baidu.com"), this);m_pBtnAllInterface = new QPushButton(QStringLiteral("QNetworkInterface::allInterface"), this);m_pBtnAllAddress = new QPushButton(QStringLiteral("QNetworkInterface::allAddress"), this);QGridLayout* GLay1 = new QGridLayout();GLay1->addWidget(m_pBtnGetHostInfo, 0, 0);GLay1->addWidget(m_pCheckIPv4, 0, 1, Qt::AlignHCenter);GLay1->addWidget(m_pBtnLookupHostInfo, 1, 0);GLay1->addWidget(m_pEditHost, 1, 1);GLay1->addWidget(m_pBtnAllInterface, 2, 0);GLay1->addWidget(m_pBtnAllAddress, 2, 1);m_pTextShowInfo = new QPlainTextEdit(this);m_pClearText = new QPushButton(QStringLiteral("清空文本框"), this);QGridLayout* GLay = new QGridLayout(this);GLay->addLayout(GLay1, 0, 0);GLay->addWidget(m_pTextShowInfo);GLay->addWidget(m_pClearText);connect(m_pBtnGetHostInfo, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &Dialog::slotBtnGetHostInfoClicked);connect(m_pBtnLookupHostInfo, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &Dialog::slotBtnLookupHostInfoClicked);connect(m_pBtnAllInterface, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &Dialog::slotBtnAllInterfaceClicked);connect(m_pBtnAllAddress, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &Dialog::slotBtnAllAddressClicked);connect(m_pClearText, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &Dialog::slotClearTextClicked);
}Dialog::~Dialog() { delete ui; }QString Dialog::protocolType(QAbstractSocket::NetworkLayerProtocol protocol) {//通过协议类型返回协议名称switch (protocol) {case QAbstractSocket::IPv4Protocol: return "IPv4 Protocol";case QAbstractSocket::IPv6Protocol: return "IPv6 Protocol";case QAbstractSocket::AnyIPProtocol: return "Any IP Protocol";default: return "Unknow Network Layer Protocol";}
}void Dialog::slotBtnGetHostInfoClicked() {QString hostName = QHostInfo::localHostName();  //本地主机名m_pTextShowInfo->appendPlainText("本地主机名：" + hostName + "\n");QHostInfo hostIP = QHostInfo::fromName(hostName);  //本机IPQList addList = hostIP.addresses();  // IP地址列表if (!addList.isEmpty()) {for (int i = 0; i < addList.count(); i++) {QHostAddress ipAddr = addList.at(i);  //每一项是一个QHostAddressbool isCheck = m_pCheckIPv4->isChecked();if (isCheck)isCheck = (QAbstractSocket::IPv4Protocol == ipAddr.protocol());  //只显示IPv4elseisCheck = true;if (isCheck) {m_pTextShowInfo->appendPlainText("协议：" + protocolType(ipAddr.protocol()));m_pTextShowInfo->appendPlainText("本机IP地址：" + ipAddr.toString());}}m_pTextShowInfo->appendPlainText("-----------------------------");}
}void Dialog::slotBtnLookupHostInfoClicked() {QString hostName = m_pEditHost->text();m_pTextShowInfo->appendPlainText("正在查找主机信息：" + hostName);QHostInfo::lookupHost(hostName, this, SLOT(slotLookupHostInfo(QHostInfo)));  // SLOT方式的槽函数需注明参数类型
}void Dialog::slotLookupHostInfo(const QHostInfo& host) {QList addList = host.addresses();if (!addList.isEmpty()) {for (int i = 0; i < addList.count(); i++) {QHostAddress hostAddr = addList.at(i);bool isCheck = m_pCheckIPv4->isChecked();if (isCheck)isCheck = (QAbstractSocket::IPv4Protocol == hostAddr.protocol());elseisCheck = true;if (isCheck) {m_pTextShowInfo->appendPlainText("协议：" + protocolType(hostAddr.protocol()));m_pTextShowInfo->appendPlainText("IP地址：" + hostAddr.toString());}}m_pTextShowInfo->appendPlainText("-----------------------------");}
}void Dialog::slotBtnAllInterfaceClicked() {QList interfaceList = QNetworkInterface::allInterfaces();if (interfaceList.isEmpty())return;for (int i = 0; i < interfaceList.count(); i++) {QNetworkInterface aInterface = interfaceList.at(i);if (!aInterface.isValid())continue;m_pTextShowInfo->appendPlainText("设备名称：" + aInterface.humanReadableName());m_pTextShowInfo->appendPlainText("硬件地址：" + aInterface.hardwareAddress() + "\n");QList entryList = aInterface.addressEntries();if (entryList.isEmpty())return;for (int i = 0; i < entryList.count(); i++) {QNetworkAddressEntry aEntry = entryList.at(i);m_pTextShowInfo->appendPlainText("IP地址：" + aEntry.ip().toString());m_pTextShowInfo->appendPlainText("子网掩码：" + aEntry.netmask().toString());m_pTextShowInfo->appendPlainText("广播地址：" + aEntry.broadcast().toString() + "\n");}}m_pTextShowInfo->appendPlainText("-----------------------------");
}void Dialog::slotBtnAllAddressClicked() {QList addList = QNetworkInterface::allAddresses();if (addList.isEmpty())return;for (int i = 0; i < addList.count(); i++) {QHostAddress aHost = addList.at(i);bool show = m_pCheckIPv4->isChecked();if (show)show = QAbstractSocket::IPv4Protocol == aHost.protocol();elseshow = true;if (show) {m_pTextShowInfo->appendPlainText("协议：" + protocolType(aHost.protocol()));m_pTextShowInfo->appendPlainText("IP地址：" + aHost.toString());}}m_pTextShowInfo->appendPlainText("-----------------------------");
}void Dialog::slotClearTextClicked() { m_pTextShowInfo->clear(); }

界面展示