前言

    天气研究和预报（WRF）模型是一种中尺度数值天气预报系统，在全球范围内用于业务预报和研究目的。

    这是在基于Intel的i7（12核）Linux Ubuntu 20.04 LTS系统上安装WRF 4.2.1的版本。这将有助于初学者在普通台式机上实现安装并测试WRF。

一、依赖软件快速安装

   （1）基础软件安装

    这里我们主要通过ubuntu系统的apt install 快速安装，避免源码安装失败：）

sudo apt install csh gfortran m4 mpich libhdf5-mpich-dev libpng-dev libnetcdff-dev netcdf-bin ncl-ncarg build-essential

 （2）Jasperlib软件安装

wget https://www.ece.uvic.ca/~frodo/jasper/software/jasper-1.900.29.tar.gz
tar xvf jasper-1.900.29.tar.gz 
cd jasper-1.900.29/
./configure --prefix=/opt/jasper-1.900.29
make
sudo make install

注意： 如果存在编译错误，则可以执行以下修复：

sed -i 's/char *optstr/const char *optstr/g' src/libjasper/jpg/jpg_dummy.c

二、编译安装WRF

 (1)  获取WRF代码包

wget https://github.com/wrf-model/WRF/archive/v4.2.1.tar.gz
tar xvf v4.2.1.tar.gz
cd WRF-4.2.1/

注意：如果下载不下来，文后有博主下载好的进行下载。 

 （2）开始安装

    在终端输入以下语句：

export NETCDF=/usr
export NETCDF_classic=1
./configure

    输出 ：

checking for perl5... no
checking for perl... found /usr/bin/perl (perl)
Will use NETCDF in dir: /usr
HDF5 not set in environment. Will configure WRF for use without.
PHDF5 not set in environment. Will configure WRF for use without.
Will use 'time' to report timing information
$JASPERLIB or $JASPERINC not found in environment, configuring to build without grib2 I/O...
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Please select from among the following Linux x86_64 options:1. (serial)   2. (smpar)   3. (dmpar)   4. (dm+sm)   PGI (pgf90/gcc)5. (serial)   6. (smpar)   7. (dmpar)   8. (dm+sm)   PGI (pgf90/pgcc): SGI MPT9. (serial)  10. (smpar)  11. (dmpar)  12. (dm+sm)   PGI (pgf90/gcc): PGI accelerator13. (serial)  14. (smpar)  15. (dmpar)  16. (dm+sm)   INTEL (ifort/icc)17. (dm+sm)   INTEL (ifort/icc): Xeon Phi (MIC architecture)18. (serial)  19. (smpar)  20. (dmpar)  21. (dm+sm)   INTEL (ifort/icc): Xeon (SNB with AVX mods)22. (serial)  23. (smpar)  24. (dmpar)  25. (dm+sm)   INTEL (ifort/icc): SGI MPT26. (serial)  27. (smpar)  28. (dmpar)  29. (dm+sm)   INTEL (ifort/icc): IBM POE30. (serial)               31. (dmpar)                PATHSCALE (pathf90/pathcc)32. (serial)  33. (smpar)  34. (dmpar)  35. (dm+sm)   GNU (gfortran/gcc)36. (serial)  37. (smpar)  38. (dmpar)  39. (dm+sm)   IBM (xlf90_r/cc_r)40. (serial)  41. (smpar)  42. (dmpar)  43. (dm+sm)   PGI (ftn/gcc): Cray XC CLE44. (serial)  45. (smpar)  46. (dmpar)  47. (dm+sm)   CRAY CCE (ftn $(NOOMP)/cc): Cray XE and XC48. (serial)  49. (smpar)  50. (dmpar)  51. (dm+sm)   INTEL (ftn/icc): Cray XC52. (serial)  53. (smpar)  54. (dmpar)  55. (dm+sm)   PGI (pgf90/pgcc)56. (serial)  57. (smpar)  58. (dmpar)  59. (dm+sm)   PGI (pgf90/gcc): -f90=pgf9060. (serial)  61. (smpar)  62. (dmpar)  63. (dm+sm)   PGI (pgf90/pgcc): -f90=pgf9064. (serial)  65. (smpar)  66. (dmpar)  67. (dm+sm)   INTEL (ifort/icc): HSW/BDW68. (serial)  69. (smpar)  70. (dmpar)  71. (dm+sm)   INTEL (ifort/icc): KNL MIC72. (serial)  73. (smpar)  74. (dmpar)  75. (dm+sm)   FUJITSU (frtpx/fccpx): FX10/FX100 SPARC64 IXfx/XlfxEnter selection [1-75] : 33
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Compile for nesting? (1=basic, 2=preset moves, 3=vortex following) [default 1]: Configuration successful! 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
testing for fseeko and fseeko64
fseeko64 is supported
------------------------------------------------------------------------
...

 （3） 用自带的编辑器编辑WRF4.2中configure.wrf这个文件并修改

    修改这句话：

 LIB_EXTERNAL    = \-L$(WRF_SRC_ROOT_DIR)/external/io_netcdf -lwrfio_nf -L/usr/lib -lnetcdff -lnetcdf     

 （4）开始编译 

./compile -j 2 em_real 2>&1 | tee compile.log

    编译成功输出如下： 

--->                  Executables successfully built                  <----rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 40691640 Jul 30 12:35 main/ndown.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 40572760 Jul 30 12:35 main/real.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 40048888 Jul 30 12:35 main/tc.exe
-rwxrwxr-x 1 wrf wrf 44609360 Jul 30 12:35 main/wrf.exe==========================================================================

 三、编译安装WPS

 (1)  软件下载

cd ../
wget https://github.com/wrf-model/WPS/archive/v4.2.tar.gz
tar xvf v4.2.tar.gz
cd WPS-4.2/

注意： 如果下载不下来，文后有博主下载好的进行下载。 

 (2)  配置

    在终端输入下面语句：

export WRF_DIR=../WRF-4.2.1/
export JASPERLIB=/opt/jasper-1.900.29/lib/
export JASPERINC=/opt/jasper-1.900.29/include/./configure

 输出：

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Please select from among the following supported platforms.1.  Linux x86_64, gfortran    (serial)2.  Linux x86_64, gfortran    (serial_NO_GRIB2)3.  Linux x86_64, gfortran    (dmpar)4.  Linux x86_64, gfortran    (dmpar_NO_GRIB2)5.  Linux x86_64, PGI compiler   (serial)6.  Linux x86_64, PGI compiler   (serial_NO_GRIB2)7.  Linux x86_64, PGI compiler   (dmpar)8.  Linux x86_64, PGI compiler   (dmpar_NO_GRIB2)9.  Linux x86_64, PGI compiler, SGI MPT   (serial)10.  Linux x86_64, PGI compiler, SGI MPT   (serial_NO_GRIB2)11.  Linux x86_64, PGI compiler, SGI MPT   (dmpar)12.  Linux x86_64, PGI compiler, SGI MPT   (dmpar_NO_GRIB2)13.  Linux x86_64, IA64 and Opteron    (serial)14.  Linux x86_64, IA64 and Opteron    (serial_NO_GRIB2)15.  Linux x86_64, IA64 and Opteron    (dmpar)16.  Linux x86_64, IA64 and Opteron    (dmpar_NO_GRIB2)17.  Linux x86_64, Intel compiler    (serial)18.  Linux x86_64, Intel compiler    (serial_NO_GRIB2)19.  Linux x86_64, Intel compiler    (dmpar)20.  Linux x86_64, Intel compiler    (dmpar_NO_GRIB2)21.  Linux x86_64, Intel compiler, SGI MPT    (serial)22.  Linux x86_64, Intel compiler, SGI MPT    (serial_NO_GRIB2)23.  Linux x86_64, Intel compiler, SGI MPT    (dmpar)24.  Linux x86_64, Intel compiler, SGI MPT    (dmpar_NO_GRIB2)25.  Linux x86_64, Intel compiler, IBM POE    (serial)26.  Linux x86_64, Intel compiler, IBM POE    (serial_NO_GRIB2)27.  Linux x86_64, Intel compiler, IBM POE    (dmpar)28.  Linux x86_64, Intel compiler, IBM POE    (dmpar_NO_GRIB2)29.  Linux x86_64 g95 compiler     (serial)30.  Linux x86_64 g95 compiler     (serial_NO_GRIB2)31.  Linux x86_64 g95 compiler     (dmpar)32.  Linux x86_64 g95 compiler     (dmpar_NO_GRIB2)33.  Cray XE/XC CLE/Linux x86_64, Cray compiler   (serial)34.  Cray XE/XC CLE/Linux x86_64, Cray compiler   (serial_NO_GRIB2)35.  Cray XE/XC CLE/Linux x86_64, Cray compiler   (dmpar)36.  Cray XE/XC CLE/Linux x86_64, Cray compiler   (dmpar_NO_GRIB2)37.  Cray XC CLE/Linux x86_64, Intel compiler   (serial)38.  Cray XC CLE/Linux x86_64, Intel compiler   (serial_NO_GRIB2)39.  Cray XC CLE/Linux x86_64, Intel compiler   (dmpar)40.  Cray XC CLE/Linux x86_64, Intel compiler   (dmpar_NO_GRIB2)Enter selection [1-40] : 1
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Configuration successful. To build the WPS, type: compile
------------------------------------------------------------------------

（3） 用自带的编辑器编辑WPS中configure.wps这个文件并修改

    修改的地方如下：

WRF_LIB         =       -L$(WRF_DIR)/external/io_grib1 -lio_grib1 \-L$(WRF_DIR)/external/io_grib_share -lio_grib_share \-L$(WRF_DIR)/external/io_int -lwrfio_int \-L$(WRF_DIR)/external/io_netcdf -lwrfio_nf \-L$(NETCDF)/lib  -lnetcdf -lnetcdff

（4） 编译 

./compile 2>&1 | tee compile.log

    输出： 

ls -rlt

   出现下图，则表示安装成功：

WPS程序ungrib执行串行操作，而geogrid和metgrid可以并行模式运行。

（5）运行

/.ungrib.exe

    要运行WPS，必须将LD_LIBRARY_PATH添加到.bashrc中。

    打开你的~/.bashrc或您选择的任何其他文本编辑器。

    在文件末尾添加此行：

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRORY_PATH:/opt/jasper-1.900.29/lib/

    写入并保存编辑，然后退出。

    现在，在终端中输入：

source ~/.bashrc

补充说明：

文中提到的WRF4.2.1与WPS4.2如果下载不下来，可以提供博主下载好的版本，如下：

https://download.csdn.net/download/u010329292/87250165